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1101 Famous People (Alphabetic Order):
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TOLSTOÏ Léon Nikolaïévitch ( 1828 - 1910 ) |
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Russian novelist, essayist, dramatist and philosopher |
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Leo Tolstoi was a very earth- bound man. He was very intelligent and was interested in literature. He lived a life he thoroughly enjoyed, and he loved his wife and children. One day, however, a rather negative outlook came over him. His wonderful, fulfilling life suddenly became full of shallowness and superficiality. He needed to find an explanation of life. Nothing meant anything to him anymore, and he needed to figure himself out in order to continue living. This thought lead him to qquestion the purpose of existence not only for himself, but also for others. He expanded his questions to people in general, not just to himself. He had six "unknown questions" that he wanted to find the answers to. They all addressed the topic of how he and others were meant to live.
His literature reflects many of his thoughts. A nihilistic philosophy of history is clear in his novel War and Peace. He converted from literature to philosophy. He read all different types of literature on philosophies. He still was unable to come up with any answers, at which point he turned to religion. This too lead to a dead end. He studied gospels extensively, and realized that the teachings of the Russian Orthodox Church varied from the true teachings of the bible, and this discovery lead him to be excommunicated from the church.
Tolstoi believed that the only way to change the problem of inequality is to revamp the entire social system. People were too caught up in the property aspect of their existence. Tolstoi believed people should take responsibility for their actions as a being of free will. It was this idea that lies in the foundation of Tolstoianism which is a moral revolution. It was non-violent. It attacked property much more severely than Marx and Proudhon did. "Today posessions are the root of all evil." Tolstoi believed that the state shouldn't acknowledge property, and the fact that does is a crime in itself. He became a radical anarchist with his points of view on government. He didn't hate his government, he ignored it. Tolstoi believed that we, as humans, can't differentioate right from wrong.
Source : Wikipedia |
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